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- Published on: 1869
- Binding: Paperback
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7 of 7 people found the following review helpful.Sarmatians, Scythians and Amazons: An exhaustive and scholarly analysis for academics and lay people alike.,
By Dr W. H. Konarzewski
Adrienne Mayor writes about the Amazon myths from ancient Greece and connects them to the real female horse archers who originated in the territories around the Black Sea, possibly as early as 1500 BC. She tells us that there is plenty of evidence from early Scythian and Sarmatian graves that these women fought as warriors on the steppes between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Their activities may conceivably have extended as far west as the Danube and as far east as the Great Wall of China – a stretch of about 4000 miles.Dr Mayor tackles many of the human interest questions that ordinary readers might ask themselves, including romance. There is an engrossing chapter on love and sexuality among the female warriors; elsewhere there are plenty of illustrations showing that they appreciated body art in the form of tattoos (just like the men of the period). Incidentally, the book contains a generous number of illustrations, many taken from Greek vases and sculptures.The quality of writing is good. Mayor writes in a scholarly way with plenty of references but she is also highly readable and appears anxious to make her work accessible to non-academics. She carefully balances history against myth to give her readers a state of the art account of the genuine female horse archers and the way that ancient writers such as Herodotus and Hippocrates (who called them Sarmatians) perceived them and integrated them into Greek literature. The ancient Greeks liked their women to be submissive and domesticated, so they must have been both fascinated and scandalised by the independent minded and sexually liberated women who formed the basis of their myths and legends. As far as we know, these women demanded and received total equality with men. They were the first feminists, nearly 3500 years before bra-burning became a topic of conversation.Mayor tells us all sorts of fascinating things about the Sarmatian / Scythian women: they lassoed their enemies with lariats; they were hygienic and had elaborate saunas in felt teepees and perfumed their bodies with expensive fragrances; they tattooed not only themselves but their children; they punctured themselves right down to muscle whilst having tattoos done; they wore tight leather structures rather like bras to stop their breasts bouncing when they were out riding; they hung a quiver outside their wagons to let people know if they were having sex; they were tall, robust women with an average height of around 5 foot six inches; they made their koumiss stronger by freezing out some of the water; they practised an open form of marriage; they enjoyed cannabis heated over hot stones in braziers; they slept in cosy fur beds; they suffered from early onset osteoarthritis; they gave their horses pet names; they sacrificed horses before battle; they invented trousers (possibly) and if not, they definitely wore them; the list goes on.One of the most fascinating parts of the book, I thought, was Mayor’s description of the love affairs between Alexander the Great and Queen Thalestris (probably true) and the affair / marriage between Mithradates and Hypsicratea (definitely true). Both women were proven warriors and would certainly qualify as “Amazons”.The final section of the book deals with female warriors who had some of the characteristics of Amazons but were not necessarily of Scythian extraction; for example those who came from China and the Far East. These warriors provide interesting comparisons with the original Amazons.What about criticisms? There really isn’t much wrong with this book. Perhaps Mayor dwells too long on the mythical Amazons and spends too much time describing and discussing the images on old Greek vases, but that’s just a personal view. For other readers that might be fine; and after all, this book is both about the mythical Amazons and the real ones. Some might argue that a full understanding of the mythical Amazons leads to a better understanding of the Sarmatian and Scythian female warriors. All the same, I felt some of the lengthier discourses might have been put in an appendix at the end rather than slowing down the book’s momentum. Another minor criticism is that the maps might have been a little larger and clearer.Overall, I cannot recommend this book highly enough with its massive amount of research, free-flowing text and the generous quantity of illustrations. My only regret is that it wasn’t available two years ago.
7 of 7 people found the following review helpful.The first liberated women - not that they needed liberation!
By Ralph Blumenau
For many centuries all we knew of the Amazons came from Greek myths and from Greek historians. The latter also relate some material that is legendary rather than historical; but Herodotus, for example, who travelled extensively around the Black Sea, distinguishes what he has himself observed from what he has been told. Part of the book describes and comments on the myths and the historical material.The best known characteristics of the Amazons are of course that they were doughty female warriors and brilliant on horseback, and, while these exploits do dominate the book, the author also brings out other aspects of the legends and of the history: notably that these women enjoyed equality with men in other respects also, in family relationships and that, like the men, they had great sexual freedom, would mate with men of other tribes when their husbands were fighting elsewhere. Men and women would also dress in a similar fashion, for instance wearing trousers. All of these features fascinated the Greeks, who kept women in a subordinate position.The legends are mostly located around the shores of the Black Sea., while the history of Alexander the Great and of the Romans fighting Mithridates tell of contact with Amazons from areas south of the Caspian Sea to India. From about the 7th century BC to the 6th century AD, the Scythians dominated a vast area of steppes and grasslands from what is today Ukraine all the way across to the frontiers of today’s Mongolia. From the 19th century onwards archaeologists have found a lot of evidence which supports parts of the legends and histories.The book is deeply researched and (except for the rather indigestible last chapter about women warriors in China) very readable and handsomely illustrated. The author makes it clear, by phrasing her sentences as questions, when her links between legends, history and archaeology are suggestions rather than certainties. Her net is very wide: she includes all women fighters as Amazons, whether they were known as such or not; and sometimes the story is about a single female warrior leader, who may or may not be leading whole groups of women. And there is a certain amount of repetition. But this hardly, if at all, detracts from the five star status of this fascinating book.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.Amazons! Known from the past, present even today...
By Katherine M. Griffis (Greenberg)
Loaded with archaeological, etymological, and linguistic evidence, Mayor makes a compelling argument that Amazons of myth not only existed in the distant past, but that they exist in some form even today. Archaeological evidence alone appears to me to be undisputed in terms of ancient Amazons - women warriors known for their unparalleled horse riding and archery skills, who carried short battle axes, and wore forms of armor - all of this appears in the archaeological remains of the various peoples who lived in the Black Sea regions above Turkey. This encompassing work covers all the various questions one would have about Amazons - their language, their skill with horses, their battle gear, their clothing, their antipathy towards the Greeks - even their sex lives - as far as can be known from ancient texts. Heavily researched, backed up with archaeological, artistic, textual, and oral history evidence - Mayor tells us more about the Amazons than had even been known from Greek sources alone.
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